What is swine flu?
That makes it a human
flu virus. To distinguish it from flu viruses that infect mainly pigs
and from the seasonal influenza A H1N1 viruses that have been in
circulation for many years, the CDC calls the virus "2009 H1N1 virus."
Other names include "novel H1N1" or nH1N1, "quadruple assortant H1N1,"
and "2009 pandemic H1N1."
Many people have at
least partial immunity to seasonal H1N1 viruses because they've been
infected with or vaccinated against this flu bug. These viruses "drift"
genetically, which is why the flu vaccine has to be tweaked from time to
time.
But the H1N1 swine flu
is not the usual "drift variant" of H1N1. It came to humans from a
different line of evolution. That means most people have no natural
immunity to H1N1 swine flu. The normal seasonal flu shot does not
protect against this new virus.
Some people who may have
had seasonal H1N1 flu before 1957 might have a little bit of protective
immunity against the new virus. That's because seasonal H1N1 flu
strains that circulated before 1957 (and which were replaced by the 1957
pandemic flu bug) were genetically closer to the 2009 H1N1 swine flu.
This protection is not complete. While relatively few elderly people
have had H1N1 swine flu, many of those who did get the disease became
severely ill.
What are the signs and symptoms of swine influenza in humans ?
They are similar to those of regular flu, and include:
- Body aches
- Chills
- Cough
- Diarrhea (less common)
- Headache
- Sore throat
- Temperature (fever)
- Tiredness (fatigue)
- Vomiting (less common).
What can I do to protect myself ?
- Wash your hands regularly with soap
- Try to stay healthy
- Get plenty of sleep
- Do plenty of exercise
- Try to manage your stress
- Drink plenty of liquids
- Eat a well balanced diet
- Refrain from touching surfaces which may have the virus
- Do not get close to people who are sick
- Stay away from crowded areas if there is a swine flu outbreak in your area.If I am infected, how can I stop others from becoming infected ?
- Limit your contact with other people
- Do not go to work or school
- When you cough or sneeze cover your mouth with a tissue. If you do not have a tissue, cover your mouth and nose.
- Put your used tissues in a waste basket
- Wash your hands and face regularly
- Keep all surfaces you have touched clean
- Follow your doctor's instructions.
Vaccine for Swine Flu
The same flu vaccine
that protects against seasonal flu also protects against the H1N1 swine
flu strain. You can get it as a shot or as a nasal spray. Either way, it
"teaches" your immune system to attack the real virus.